The Italian Authority responsible for the collection of taxes is the "intendenza di finanza" (intendenza). This is organised on a local basis. In each comune there is an office of intendenza. In Italy it is your responsibility to obtain a tax form (usually, but not always, from the local tobacconist or newspaper shop!). It is your responsibility to complete the form and to calculate the amount of taxes that you owe to the State. It is then your responsibility to submit the form to the tax office together with the appropriate amount of tax payable.
The taxes and implications you need to be aware of are as follows :
TAXES PAYABLE ON THE TRANSFER OF PROPERTY
- Imposto de Registro (Registration Tax)
This is a tax payable when you purchase either agricultural land or a house, apartment or building plot. It varies from 3 - 10% of the declared value of the property as expressed in the Rogito (Deed of Conveyance. For non residents buying a holiday home it is usually 7%. This has led people to be tempted to under-declare the value of the property. Though this practice was and is widespread, IT IS A SERIOUS MISTAKE . Severe penalties are payable in respect of under declarations which, in addition, can lead to monumental Capital Gains Tax headaches at a later date, as the declared value on your purchase is the base line used by Authorities when assessing the Capital Gain you make on the disposal of the property. - Imposta sul Valore Aggiunto (VAT)
This is charged at 10% on all new property except luxury homes, which bear 20%. It is usually included in the advertised price of the property. - Notary's Fees
These vary according to the value of the property, the number of pages in the documents prepared and various other factors. They would normally be about £1,500 for a £70,000 house.
PROPERTY TAXES
- Imposto municipale (Local Taxes)
This is the main local property tax affecting owners of properties in Italy . The amount of the tax is calculated by reference to the "rendita catastrale" (official value of the property) registered in respect of all properties in Italy . The official values were, until recently, very very low. They are now rapidly rising, pursuant to a policy of the Italian Government that will result in the official values approaching the real value of the property. In general terms, local taxes will cost less than taxes on a similar property in the UK . - Tassas Comunales
Some Municipalities raise additional taxation in relation to the services that they supply to people in the area. These may include rubbish collection, cleaning of the streets and beaches etc. Municipalities also have the right to raise a charge for the use of a vehicle in their area. Not all do so. The amounts of these charges are not generally high.
PERSONAL TAXES
- Wealth Tax
There is no wealth tax in Italy . - Imposto sul Reddito delle Persone Fisiche (IRPF) (Income Tax )
A person not resident in Italy for tax purposes must still make an annual declaration for income tax. The Italian Authorities are only concerned with the income you derive from activities in Italy , not your world-wide income. Typical examples of this will be interest on any money you have on deposit with a Italian bank or income you derive from letting your apartment or house. If you let your house you will have to declare the income received. You will be able to set off certain expenses against that income - repairs, management expenses, local taxes etc. The residue is taxed at between 19% and 46%, depending on the amount. For most people it will be about 30%. As this income is part of your world wide income it will have to be declared to the British Tax Authorities but double taxation relief does exist as a result of a Treaty between the two countries. You do not need to file a tax declaration if you have no income in Italy . - Notional Income Tax
There is also a tax to pay upon the notional rental value of your house, even if you do not actually rent it out. This is based on the official rendita catastrale (rateable value). It is normally small. - Capital Gain Taxes
In most cases there is no longer any capital gains tax on the sale of land and buildings in Italy . - Taxes Payable on Death
In most countries the State likes to take a chunk of your assets when you die. How much they will receive depends largely on how well you plan your affairs. In Italy they have recently abolished Inheritance Tax for most people. Many think this is a political gimmick and that the policy will be reversed after the next change of government. As a result we are also explaining the system that existed before the abolition - on the basis that if tax is reintroduced it is likely to be something similar. In Italy there is no automatic inheritance by a wife or other joint owner of the deceased joint owner's share in any property. If it is left by will or on intestacy to the other joint owner, the gift will be taxable. The amount of tax paid is determined partly by the size of the whole estate - as in this country - but also partly by the size of each individual inheritance. The tax is progressive - the more you inherit, the higher the rate of tax you will have to pay. Near relatives pay tax at a lower rate than more distant relatives who in turn pay less tax than total strangers. Rates vary from 0 - 60%. Near relatives are also entitled to receive a sum tax-free. Spouses and children about £80,000 each, brothers and sisters about £33,000. More distant relatives and strangers are not. An estate of, say, £200,000 can therefore produce a large tax bill if it is all left to one person - especially a non relative - and little or no tax bill if it is divided amongst a number of beneficiaries who are close relatives. Putting all of these things together, there is great scope for minimising tax payable on death. In general terms, dividing your assets between your husband/wife and children tends to produce the lowest tax bills. Penalties are imposed if the tax due is not paid within 6 months of the date of death. In many cases where sizeable tax payments are going to be a problem it is possible to dispose of the assets during the owners lifetime much more cheaply than in his death. - VAT
Most transactions in Italy involve the payment of VAT. The normal rates are 4% and 10%. Transactions involving luxury items can carry a rate of 20%. - Codice Fiscale (Tax Code)
This is an identification number for use in Italy . If you have dealings within Italy - even if you are not full time or tax resident - you are required to have a number. This is obtained from your local tax office. However tempting it may be not to bother obtaining this number you will find that it will cause you great inconvenience in the future if you do not have one.
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